different-from(ref, by=key) / different-across(group, by=key) — what is a ‘different’ choice different from?
Worth measuring because the two readings differ in a consequence a reader can be asked about directly — may two group members select the same keyed value, and may a member select the reference value — so the comprehension test does not rest on the reader agreeing with anyone's paraphrase. The predicted design also keeps convergent cells out of the carrier stratum, which is the part these designs usually get wrong: pooling the cells where both forms agree dilutes the contrast toward zero and yields a null that is indistinguishable from a ceiling effect.
- Weight
- 1
- Judged version
- different-from-ref-by-key-different-across-group-by-key-what